Work study is an analytical study under industrial engineering which plays an important role in reducing garment manufacturing cost and increasing productivity with minimum resources. Method study and time study are two branches of action study. This article is about work-study that will help you.
work-study
Work study is a highly technical science that deals with the systematic examination of methods of managing activities such as improving the effective use of resources and setting performance standards for managing activities. Work-study is the investigation of work done in an organization through a consistent system to achieve the best possible use of men, machines and materials under the present available conditions. Garment factories pay a great deal to this department as this department works to increase productivity. It is an analysis of the activities required to create a style. It is also important for ergonomics decisions, work design and workstation development. An effective work-study requires both work measurement and method analysis.
Tools and techniques used in garment industry:
- Work study.
- Line layout.
- Line balancing.
- Material Management/Information Systems (MIS).
- Quality Management System (QMS).
- Schedule.
Work-study work
- Operation break-down
- Line layout
- Time study
- Line balancing
SMV for target production - Skills
- Daily production report
- Weekly, monthly and annual production reports
- Damage study
- Causal study
Action-Study Implications:
The following factors can influence the use of work-study techniques in an industry.
- Cost is low
- Productivity ratio
- Production profitability
- Eliminate unnecessary work
- Set reasonable workload
- Setting performance standards
- Determine methods of testing achievement
Methodology Study:
A method study is an investigation technique used to determine the best way to do a task. It determines the most efficient way to execute each process. It is also engaged in problem solving in accordance with the method.
METHODOLOGY Study uses a basic pattern which is SREDIM S=Select the task to study
R=Record data from observations E=Examine critically D=Develop best practices
D=Define a new method which is most economical I=Install it as a std practice M=Maintain through regular routine checks
Work-Study Flow Chart:
Accept order list
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sampling
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Do not break the process
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Provide SMV to marketing and planner
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Making a paper layout
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Average PP meeting
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Follow the m/c layout
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Study time and graph the line
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Assist in line balancing and online SMV finalization through time study
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Report skills and others
Application of method studies:
- Designing work stations to increase efficiency
Layout development - Improved material flow
- Planning the optimum rate of movement of people
- Develop a system of various functions
Work Measurements:
Work measurement is used to determine the time required to complete an operation and the amount of work performed by an operator in a given period of time. It provides a fair way to estimate the time a job will be done by a skilled operator with plenty of work supplies and proper equipment
Methods of Work Measurement:
- Time study
- Staff experience
- Predefined Speed/Time System [PMTS]
- Standard data
- Operator reporting
- Work samples
Study time:
Time study is the study of each step of an operational procedure and the time spent by them for the purpose of increasing wear efficiency.
Calculation process of time study:
- First we have to record the name of the operation, the details of the workers used M/C in the time study chart.
- Then we have to take required time to complete 10 cycles as operation using stopwatch.
- Then we have to add 30% allowance for this period.
- Finally, we need to add the time study chart using the SMV average time.
Calculation of sewing line efficiency:
Line Efficiency = (Total Production SMV100) / (Number of Operators *Work Hours *60) Formula of Operation
Power Graph:
- Capacity/Hour = (60/Capacity Total Average Time) x Total Manpower.
- Capacity Achievable = Capacity/Hour x Balance %
- Efficiency = (SMV/ capacity total time) x 100
- Balance = Basic Pitch Time / Bottleneck Time
- Improve % = 1- (Production per hour/Capacity per hour)
- BPT = Capacity Total Average Time / Total Utilization Personnel
- UCL = BPT x 120%
- LCL = BPT x 80%
Formulation of work study
- Target/Hour = Total Staff x (60/ SMV) x 73%
- Efficiency = (Hours Earned / Hours Available) x 100
- Earn hr = (Total Production x SMV)/60
- Available Hours = Total Workers x Total Hours Worked
- Performance = Earn hr/ (available hr – total off hours) x 100
- Efficiency to achieve target =(Total Prod – Total Target) x 100
- Variance = (Total Prod – Total Target) / Total Target x 100
- Basic Time = (Observed Time x Rating)/ Standard Rating
- Standard minute value = basic time + allowance time
Work Responsibilities of Work Study Department
Work-Study Jobs in Garment Industry:
Most garment industries these days employ a work-study department or work-study related jobs.
- Assistant Managerial work study
- Work Study Officer
- Senior Officer- Work Study
- Executive- work study
